A Textbook of Preconceptional Medicine and Management

Safe and healthy motherhood depends on the preconceptional health of the prospective mother. Many pre-existing conditions and factors have an important impact on pregnancy, childbirth and postnatal development. Whilst most health carers may be familiar with some of the common ones (hypertension and obesity, for example), there is much less awareness of many others where a clear understanding of all the relevant issues is also essential. Diabetes, tuberculosis, prior malignancies, malaria, HIV infection and 'disease accumulation' (often encountered in older women) are just a few examples of the many conditions that physicians and their patients need to consider and for which management strategies need to be developed. This milestone textbook is the first of its kind to provide physicians and others carers with expert guidance on the clinical issues that should be addressed when advising patients, with a very wide range of pre-existing conditions, who wish to become pregnant. The book not only addresses the question 'How does this disease or condition affect pregnancy?', but also 'How will pregnancy affect this condition or disease?' In 33 specialist chapters, authored by 62 expert contributors, this textbook provides essential and practical advice that will be of real and direct value to almost all doctors, and other health professionals, concerned with the management of fertility, pregnancy, childbirth and postnatal care. CONTENTS Section 1: General considerations * Biopanic, advanced maternal age and fertility outcomes Larisa Corda, Amita Khanapure and Mahantesh Karoshi * Preconceptional counseling Rahat Khan and Hassan Shehata * Preconceptional evaluation of women with heart disease Marla A. Mendelson * Respiratory diseases in pregnancy: asthma LaTasha Nelson, Dana R. Gossett and William Grobman * Diabetes mellitus Sandra Newbold and Helen Ward * Prolactinomas, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and pregnancy Alper Gürlek and John A. H. Wass * Autoimmune and connective tissue disorders Anwar Nassar, Imad Uthman and Munther Khamashta * Preconceptional counseling for women with chronic kidney disease Kate Bramham and Liz Lightstone * Inherited thrombophilic disorders Dorit Blickstein * Preconceptional counseling in women with inflammatory bowel disease Sandro Lanzon-Miller * Neurological disorders in pregnancy Dominic Heaney * Optimization of hypertension and embryo safe antihypertensives Vijaya Karanam, Anshuman Ghosh and Nick Anim-Nyame * Women with severe mental illness Ian Jones Section 2: Infectious conditions * Tuberculosis in pregnancy Archana Gorty and Muktar Aliyu * Preconception advice and the optimal management of HIV infection for couples planning pregnancy Anne Edwards and Yetunde Okunwobi-Smith * Infectious diseases in preconceptional care Dean V. Coonrod Section 3: Previous pregnancy events * Recurrent pregnancy loss Rahat Khan , Vikram Talaulikar and Hassan Shehata * Previous fetal death Bode Williams and Sujata Datta * Prior pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis and ectopic pregnancy Joyanto Choudhury and Saikat Banerjee * Preconceptional counseling of women with previous third and fourth degree perineal tears Maria Memtsa and Wai Yoong Section 4: Phobias * Management of tocophobic women Anna Roland-Price and Zara Chamberlain Section 5: Medication issues * Routine vitamin, mineral and micronutrient supplementation Louis G. Keith, Tawanda Ngorima, Kantha Shelke and Mahantesh Karoshi * Drugs to avoid preconceptionally Vivek Nama and Hassan Shehata Section 6: Gynecological and surgical conditions * Prior cervical conization and uterine sparing cervical cancer surgery Imran Hamzawala and Charlotte Chaliha * Benign conditions of the genital tract Christopher B-Lynch * Pregnancy and fertility counseling in breast cancer survivors Christobel Saunders, Angela Ives and Toni Musiello * Preconceptional optimization in the solid organ recipient Sarah Jones and Sue Carr * Gynecological malignancies Jafaru Abu * Preparing for a pregnancy after bariatric surgery Michelle A. Kominiarek Section 7: Miscellaneous conditions * Obese nulliparas J. Naomi Jobson, Timothy J. Draycott, Andrew B. Johnson and Judith P. Hyde * Counseling in couples with genetic abnormalities Tessa Homfray * Malnutrition: an antecedent of diabetes? Kinneret Tenenbaum-Gavish and Moshe Hod * Who should provide preconceptional care? Roger Gadsby Edited by Mahantesh Karoshi, MD, MRCOG, DCRCM Barnet and Chase Farm Hospitals NHS Trust, Herts, UK Sandra Newbold, ME, MRCOG Ashford & St Peter's Hospital, Surrey, UK Christopher B-Lynch, FRCS, FRCOG, D. Univ Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK and Milton Keynes Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Milton Keynes, UK Louis Keith, MD, PhD, FA COG, FRCOG Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA