Lifestyle Medicine

The field of lifestyle medicine, which is the study of how daily habits and actions impact on both short- and long-term health and quality of life, continues to expand globally. The scientific and medical literature that supports the success of these lifestyle habits and actions is now overwhelming. Thousands of studies provide evidence that regular physical activity, maintenance of a health body weight, following sound nutritional practices, stress reduction, and other good practices all profoundly impact both health and quality of life.

Following its predecessors, Lifestyle Medicine, Third Edition, is edited by lifestyle medicine pioneer, cardiologist Dr. James Rippe. This edition has been thoroughly updated and represents the expert opinions of 20 section editors as well as more than 150 expert chapter authors whose knowledge span all aspects of this emerging discipline. Topics cover lifestyle medicine practices including regular physical activity, proper nutrition, and weight management. These principles are applied to the prevention and or treatment of a wide variety of chronic conditions ranging from heart disease and diabetes to cancer, mental health, addiction, and injury prevention.

This book serves as evidence base for individuals who wish to practice lifestyle medicine or incorporate some of its principles into either general medicine or subspecialty practice. It provides valuable information to healthcare workers in the fields of nutrition, exercise physiology, psychology, behavioral medicine, health promotion, and public policy where lifestyle medicine principles play an ever-increasing role.

Table of Contents

Part I Lifestyle Management and Prevention

of Cardiovascular Disease

Chapter 1: The Rationale for Intervention to Reduce

the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

James M. Rippe and Theodore J. Angelopoulos

Chapter 2: Lifestyle Strategies for Risk Factor

Reduction, Prevention and Treatment of

Cardiovascular Disease

James M. Rippe and Theodore J. Angelopoulos

Chapter 3: Physical Activity and Fitness in the

Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Robert F. Zoeller Jr.

Chapter 4: Clinical Strategies for Managing

Dyslipidemias

Ulf G. Bronas, Mary Hannan, and Arthur S. Leon

Chapter 5: Lifestyle Management and Prevention of

Hypertension

Ulf G. Bronas, Mary Hannan, and Arthur S. Leon

Part II Nutritional Aspects of Lifestyle Medicineart II: Nutritional Aspects of Life

Chapter 6: The Concept of Nutritional Status and Its

Measurement

Johanna Dwyer and Regan L Bailey

Chapter 7: Dietary Guidelines for Americans,

2015–2020: National Nutrition Guidelines

Elizabeth B. Rahavi, Jean M. Altman, and Eve E. Stoody

Chapter 8: Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease

James M. Rippe

Chapter 9: Optimal Nutrition Guidance for Older Adults

Alice H. Lichtenstein

Chapter 10: Effects of an Active Lifestyle on Water

Balance and Water Requirements

Gethin H Evans, Ronald J Maughan, and Susan M Shirreffs

Part III Physical Activity Part III: Physical Activity

Chapter 11: Implementation of the Exercise

Prescription

Rachele M Pojednic, Caroline R Loveland, and Sarah Jones

Chapter 12: What Physicians Need to Know, Do, and

Say to Promote Physical Activity

Mary Kennedy

Chapter 13: Physical Fitness Evaluation

Peter Kokkinos and Jonathan Myers

Chapter 14: Exercise Prescription for Apparently

Healthy Individuals and for Special Populations

Paul G. Davis

Part IV Behavioral Medicine Part IV: Behavioral Medicine

Chapter 15: Behavior Change

Elizabeth Pegg Frates and James E. Eubanks

Chapter 16: Applying Psychological Theories to

Promote Healthy Lifestyles

Maryam Gholami, Cassandra Herman, Cole

Ainsworth, Dori Pekmezi, and Sarah Linke

Chapter 17: Motivational Interviewing and Lifestyle

Change

Peter Fifield, Joji Suzuki, Samantha Minski, and

Jennifer Carty

Chapter 18: Transtheoretical Model

James O. Prochaska and Janice Prochaska

Chapter 19: The Impact of Positive Psychology on

Behavioral Change and Healthy Lifestyle Choices

Shelley Carson, Andrea Cook, Stephanie Peabody,

Sandra Scheinbaum, and Leslie Williamson

Chapter 20: The Intention–Behavior Gap

Mark D. Faries and Wesley C. Kephart

Chapter 21: Cognitive and Behavioral Approaches

to Enhancing Physical Activity Participation and

Decreasing Sedentary Behavior

Barbara A. Stetson and Patricia M. Dubbert

Chapter 22: Enhancing the Nutrition Prescription

Using Behavioral Approaches

Margaret Loeper Vasquez, Jenny Sunghyun Lee,

Daniel B. Clarke, and P. Michael Stone

Chapter 23: Behavioral Approaches to Manage Stress

Elise Loiselle, Darshan Mehta, and Jacqueline Proszynski

Chapter 24: Health Coaching and Behavior Change

Karen L. Lawson, Margaret Moore, Matthew M.

Clark, Sara Link, and Ruth Wolever

Chapter 25: Digital Health Technology for Behavior

Change

Jeffrey Krauss, Patricia Zheng, Courtenay Stewart,

and Mark Berman

Part V Women’s HealthPart V: Women’ s Health

Chapter 26: Breast Health: Lifestyle Modification for

Risk Reduction

Beth Baughman DuPree and Jodi Hutchinson PA-C

Chapter 27: Sports and Physical Activity for Women

and Girls

Elizabeth Joy

Part VI Endocrinology and Metabolism art VI: Endocrinology and Metabolism

Chapter 28: Impact of Lifestyle Medicine on

Dysglycemia-Based Chronic Disease

Michael A. Via and Jeffrey I. Mechanick

Chapter 29: Lifestyle Medicine and the Management

of Prediabetes

Karla I. Galaviz, Lisa Staimez, Lawrence S. Phillips,

and Mary Beth Weber

Chapter 30: Lifestyle Therapies for the Management

of Diabetes

Marion J. Franz

Chapter 31: Implementing Nutritional Lifestyle

Treatment Programs in Type 2 Diabetes

George Guthrie

Part VII Lifestyle Issues in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancerrt revention and

Chapter 32: Diet and Cancer Prevention

Cindy D. Davis and Sharon Ross

Chapter 33: Lifestyle Approaches Targeting Obesity

to Reduce Cancer Risk, Progression, and Recurrence

Debora S. Bruno and Nathan A. Berger

Chapter 34: Physical Activity and the Prevention and

Treatment of Cancer

Case H. Keltner and Heather R. Bowles

Chapter 35: Nutrition Therapy for the Cancer Patient

Sandeep (Anu) Kaur and Elaine Trujillo

Part VIII Obesity and Weight Management art VIII: Obesity and Weight Management

Chapter 36: Epidemiology of Adult Obesity

R. Sue Day, Nattinee Jitnarin, Michelle L. Vidoni,

Christopher Kaipust, and Austin L. Brown

Chapter 37: Exercise Management for the Obese

Patient

John M. Jakicic, Renee J. Rogers, and Katherine A. Collins

Chapter 38: Dietary Management of Overweight and

Obesity

Nina Crowley, Katherine R. Arlinghaus, and Eileen

Stellefson Myers

Chapter 39: Pharmacological Management of the

Patient with Obesity

Magdalena Pasarica and Nikhil V. Dhurandhar

Chapter 40: Surgery for Severe Obesity

Robert F. Kushner and Lisa M. Neff

Chapter 41: Adiposity-based Chronic Disease a New

Diagnostic Term

Michael A. Via and Jeffrey I. Mechanick

Chapter 42: Future Directions in Obesity and Weight

Management

Theodore K. Kyle

Part IX Immunology and Infection DiseasePart IX: Immunology and Infectious Disease

Chapter 43: Exercise, Inflammation, and Respiratory

Infection

Wesley D. Dudgeon, David C. Nieman, and

Elizabeth Kelley

Chapter 44: Chronic Exercise and Immunity

Melissa M. Markofski, Paul M. Coen, and Michael

G. Flynn

Chapter 45: HIV and Exercise

Jason R. Jaggers and Gregory A. Hand

Chapter 46: Exercise, Aging, and Immunity

Jeffrey A. Woods, Yi Sun, and Brandt D. PencePart X: Pulmonary Medicine

Part X Pulmonary Medicine

Chapter 47: Respiratory Symptoms

Jeremy B. Richards and Richard M. Schwartzstein

Chapter 48: Asthma

David E. Ciccolella and Gilbert E. D’Alonzo

Chapter 49: Occupational and Environmental Lung

Diseases

Sunkaru Touray, Emil Tigas, and Nicholas S. Smyrnios

Chapter 50: Venous Thromboembolic Disease

Joseph Gallant and Ryan Shipe

Chapter 51: Influenza

Gail Scully

Chapter 52: Indoor Air Quality

Anthony C. Campagna and Dhruv Desai

Part X Obstetrics and Gynecology

Chapter 53: Antenatal Care—Nutrition and Lifestyle

to Improve Conception and Pregnancy Outcomes

Amanda McKinney

Chapter 54: Exercise in Pregnancy

Kristin Bixel and Christie Beck

Chapter 55: Breast-FeedingJulia Head, Stephanie-Marie L. Jones, Marcie K.

Richardson, and Angela Grone

Chapter 56: Contraception

Karen Carlson and Sadia Haider

Chapter 57: Prevention, Screening, and Treatment of

Sexually Transmitted InfectionsKaren Carlson

Chapter 58: Menstrual Disorders and Menopause

Amanda McKinney

Chapter 59: Risk Reduction and Screening for

Women’s Cancers

Amanda McKinney and Jo Marie Tran Janco

Part XII Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention

Chapter 60: Medication Dosing and Adherence in

Secondary Prevention

Ozlem Bilen and Nanette K. Wenger

Chapter 61: Using Digital Health Technology to

Promote Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction in

Secondary Prevention

Neil F. Gordon, Richard D. Salmon, Mandy K.

Salmon, and Prabakar Ponnusamy

Joel W. Hughes and David Ede

Chapter 62: Psychosocial Risk Factors as

Modulators of Cardiovascular Outcomes in

Secondary Prevention

Joel W. Hughes and David Ede

Chapter 63: A Patient’s Perspective on the Keys

to Longevity 40 Years after Undergoing Coronary

Artery Bypass Surgery

Joseph C. Piscatella

Chapter 64: Lipid Management in Secondary

Prevention

Paul D. Thompson and Antonio B. Fernandez

Chapter 65: Complementary Effects of Lifestyle

Modification on Cardioprotective Medications in

Primary/Secondary Prevention

Xisui Shirley Chen and Philip Greenland

Chapter 66: Counseling Cardiac Patients to Facilitate

Behavior Change

Lola A. Coke, Nancy Houston Miller, and Kathy Berra

Chapter 67: Extreme Exercise and High Intensity

Interval Training in Cardiac Rehabilitation

Barry A. Franklin

Chapter 68: Counseling Coronary Patients About

Their Body Weight: Implications Regarding the

Obesity Paradox

Sergey Kachur, Carl J. Lavie, and Richard V. Milani

Chapter 69: Vitamins and Supplements: Evidence

in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular

Disease

Jenna M. Holzhausen and Aaron D. Berman

Chapter 70: Intensive Cardiac Rehabilitation:

Evolution, Preliminary Outcomes, Considerations,

and Future Directions

Jenna Brinks and Amy Fowler

Chapter 71: Alternative Models to Improve the

Delivery and Impact of Cardiac Rehabilitation

Randal J. Thomas, Robert Scales, and Regis Fernandes

Chapter 72: Primordial/Primary Prevention:

Implications and Challenges for Families and Children

Laura L. Hayman and James Muchira

ParPart XIII: Lifestyle Components of Pediatric Medicine

Part XIII Lifestyle Components of Pediatric Medicine

Chapter 73: Pediatric Lifestyle Medicine

Jonathan R. Miller, Richard Boles, and Stephen R. Daniels

Chapter 74: Life Course Approach to Prevention of

Chronic Disease

Katherine A. Sauder and Dana Dabelea

Chapter 75: Cardiovascular Risk and Physical

Activity in Children

Lars Bo Andersen and Robert G. Murray

Chapter 76: Cardiovascular Risk and Diet in Children

Jessica L. Hildebrandt and Sarah C. Couch

Chapter 77: Sleep and Obesity Prevention in

Children and Adolescents

Jill Landsbaugh Kaar and Stacey L. Simon

Chapter 78: Childhood Obesity

Jaime Moore and Matthew Allen Haemer

Chapter 79: Identification and Management of

Children with Dyslipidemia

Julie A. Brothers and Stephen R. Daniels

Chapter 80: Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment

of Systemic Hypertension in Youth, Updates from

the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical

Practice Guideline

Carissa M. Baker-Smith and Samuel Gidding

Chapter 81: Prevention of Osteoporosis in Children

and Adolescents

Heidi J. Kalkwarf

Part XIV: The Practice of Lifestyle Medicine

Parrt XIV The Practice of Lifestyle Medicine

Chapter 82: Definition of Lifestyle Medicine

George Guthrie

Chapter 83: Health Provider Core Competencies in

Lifestyle Medicine

Liana Lianov

Chapter 84: Lifestyle Medicine Clinical Processes

Ingrid Edshteyn

Chapter 85: Sleep as Medicine and Lifestyle

Medicine for Optimal Sleep

Virginia F. Gurley

Chapter 86: Emotional Health and Stress

Management

Neil Nedley and Francisco E Ramirez

Chapter 87: High-intensity Therapeutic Lifestyle

Change

John Kelly

Chapter 88: Physician Health Practices and Lifestyle

Medicine

Erica Frank and Debora Holmesrt XV: Cardiovascular Rehabilitation

and Secondary Prevention

Part XV Substance Abuse and Addiction

Chapter 89: Introduction to Addiction Section

Joji Suzuki, Elizabeth Pegg Frates, and Irena Matanovic

Chapter 90: History of Alcohol and Opioid Use and

Treatment in the United States

Sanchit Maruti and Steven A. Adelman

Chapter 91: Behavioral Approaches to Enhancing

Smoking Cessation

Joseph T. Ciccolo, Nicholas J. SantaBarbara, and

Andrew M. Busch

Chapter 92: Alcohol Use Disorders: Diagnosis and

Treatment

Chwen-Yuen Angie Chen and Sara C. Slatkin

Chapter 93: Diagnosis and Treatment of Opioid Use

Disorders

Joseph R. Volpicelli

Chapter 94: Cannabis Use Disorder and Treatment

Christina Aivadyan and Deborah Hasin

Chapter 95: Smartphone-Based Technologies in

Addiction Treatment

Emily Wu and John Torous

Chapter 96: Psychosocial Interventions for

Treatment of Substance Use Disorders

Saria El Haddad Medicine in Geriatrics

Part XVI Lifestyle Medicine in Geriatrics

Chapter 97: Lifestyle Medicine and the Older

Population: Introductory Framework

Arthur S. Leon and Charlotte A. Tate

Chapter 98: Reducing Aging-associated Risk of

Sarcopenia

Arthur S. Leon

Chapter 99: Aging-Associated Cognitive Decline and

its Attenuation by Lifestyle

Arthur S. Leon

Chapter 100: Aging Successfully: Predictors and

Pathways

Debra J. Rose,

Chapter 101: Role of Physical Activity in the Health

and Wellbeing of Older Adults

Andiara Schwingel and Wojtek J. Chodzko-Zajko XVII: Health Promotion

Part XVII Health Promotion

Chapter 102: Health Promotion Introduction

By Dee Edington

Chapter 103: Health Promotion: History and

Emerging Trends

M. Parkinson

Chapter 104: The Employer’s Role in Lifestyle

Medicine

Dexter Shurney

Chapter 105: Why, How, and What in Leveraging the

Value of Health

Ron Loeppke

Chapter 106: International Health & Lifestyle

Wayne N. Burton

Chapter 107: The Community as a Catalyst for

Healthier Behaviors

Jane Ellery and Peter Ellery

Chapter 108: Motivation as Medicine

Jennifer S. Pitts

Chapter 109: Future Directions of Health Promotion:

Role of the Physician

Alyssa B. SchultzPart XVIII: Exercise Psychology

Part XVIII Exercise Psychology

Chapter 110: My, How Those Seedlings Have

Grown: An Update on Mind/Body Interactions in the

Exercise Domain

Steven J. Petruzzello, Allyson G. Box, and Dakota G.

Morales

Chapter 111: Genetic Influences on Regular Exercise

Behavior

Matthijs D. van der Zee, Nienke Schutte, and

Marleen H.M. de Moor

Chapter 112: The Influence of Physical Activity on

Brain Aging and Cognition: The Role of Cognitive

Reserve, Thresholds for Decline, Genetic Influence,

and the Investment Hypothesis

Maureen K. Kayes and Bradley D. Hatfield

Chapter 113: Physical Activity and Anxiety

Katharina Gaudlitz, Brigitt-Leila von Lindenberger,

and Andreas Ströhle

Part XIX Injury Prevention

Chapter 114: Physical Activity and Depression

Kayla N. Fair and Chad D. RethorstPartXIX: Injury Prevention

Chapter 115: Injuries and Lifestyle Medicine

David A. Sleet

Chapter 116: Traffic Injury Prevention: Strategies

That Work

Ann Dellinger, David A. Sleet, and Merissa A. Yellman

Chapter 117: Review and Implementation of the CDC

Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain

LeShaundra Cordier and Helen Kingery

Chapter 118: Improving the Care of Young Patients

with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: CDC’s Evidence-

Based Pediatric Mild TBI Guideline

Kelly Sarmiento, Angela Lumba-Brown, Matthew

Breiding, Wayne Gordon, David Paulk, Kenneth

Vitale, and David Sleet

Chapter 119: Older Adult Falls: Epidemiology and

Effective Injury Prevention Strategies

Ann Dellinger, David A. Sleet, and Jeanne Nichols

Chapter 120: Prevention of Suicidal Behavior

Alex E. Crosby, Deborah M. Stone, and Kristin Holland

Chapter 121: Unintentional Injuries to Disabled

Persons: An Unrecognized Yet Preventable Problem

Louis Hugo Francescutti, David Sleet, Linda Hill,

and Henry Xiang XX

Medicine

Part XX Public Policy and Environmental Supports for Lifestyle Medicine

Chapter 122: Lifestyle Medicine in an Era of

Healthcare Reform— Seven Years of Healthcare

Disruption: 2010– 2017

Aaron F. Hajart, Sandra Weisser, Gary B. Wilkerson,

and Gregory W. Heath

Chapter 123: Policy and Environmental Supports for

Physical Activity and Active Living

Elizabeth A. Dodson and Gregory W. Heath

Chapter 124: Policy and Environmental Supports for

Healthy Eating

Charlene Schmidt, Emily Maddux, and Elizabeth

Hathaway

Chapter 125: Building Strategic Alliances to Promote

Healthy Eating and Active Living

Risa Wilkerson, Elizabeth A. Baker, Matt M.

Longjohn, Kara Hamilton, Shewanee Howard-

Baptiste, and Hahn Kori

Chapter 126: Obesity and Health: For Lifestyle Medicine,

Third Edition

By James M. Rippe and Theodore J. Angelopoulos

 

James Rippe, MD, is a graduate of Harvard College and Harvard Medical School with post graduate training at Massachusetts General Hospital. He is currently the Founder and Director of the Rippe Lifestyle Institute and Professor of Biomedical Sciences at the University of Central Florida.

Over the past 25 years, Dr. Rippe has established and run the largest research organization in the world exploring how daily habits and actions impact short and long-term health and quality of life. This organization, Rippe Lifestyle Institute (RLI), has published hundreds of papers that form the scientific basis for the fields of lifestyle medicine and high performance health. RLI also conducts numerous studies every year on nutrition and healthy weight management. One recent research interest of the RLI team has been the metabolism and health effects of sugars.

A lifelong and avid athlete, Dr. Rippe maintains his personal fitness with a regular walking, jogging, swimming, and weight training program. He holds a black belt in karate and is an avid wind surfer, skier, and tennis player. He lives outside of Boston with his wife, television news anchor Stephanie Hart, and their four children, Hart, Jaelin, Devon, and Jamie.