Advanced Respiratory Critical Care

Respiratory disease is the most common reason for admission to intensive care, and advanced respiratory support is one of the most frequently used interventions in critically ill patients. A clear understanding of respiratory disease is the cornerstone of high quality intensive care. Although a plethora of literature is available, both in print and online, finding the necessary relevant information can be difficult and time consuming. This handbook provides comprehensive clinical detail in an easily readable format. It is written by practising clinicians and has both in-depth theoretical discussion and practical management advice. The book is divided into sections: Section 1 deals with the approach to the patient with respiratory failure - including pathophysiology, investigation and diagnosis Sections 2 covers non invasive treatment modalities Sections 3 and 4 examine invasive ventilation in detail. Section 3 considers the principles of mechanical ventilation while section 4 deals with individual ventilator modes Section 5 discusses the management of the ventilated patient including sedation, monitoring, asynchrony, heart - lung interaction, hypercapnia and hypoxia, complications, weaning and extubation. It also has chapters on areas less frequently covered such as humidification, suction, tracheal tubes and principles of physiotherapy Section 6 is a comprehensive breakdown of each respiratory condition seen in ICU. This book is designed to bridge the gap between Intensive Care starter texts and all-encompassing reference textbooks. It is aimed at consultants and senior trainees in Intensive Care Medicine, senior ICU nursing staff, consultants in other specialties and allied healthcare professionals who have an interest in advanced respiratory critical care. Martin Hughes , Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine, University Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK, and  Roland Black , Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, UK CONTENTS Section 1 - Approach to the patient with respiratory failure Respiratory physiology and pathophysiology - Dawn Fabbroni, Andrew Lumb Diagnosis of respiratory failure - Colin Church, Giles Roditi, teve Banham, Investigation of respiratory failure - Steve Banham, Giles Roditi, Colin Church, The Microbiology laboratory - Marina Morgan Clinical decision making - Martin Hughes, Graham Nimmo Indications for ventilatory support - Rebecca Appelboam Section 2 - Non-invasive treatment modalities Oxygen therapy - Malcolm Sim, Martin Hughes, Roland Black Non-invasive ventilation - William Kinnear Continuous positive airways pressure - Ben Ivory, Roland Black Section 3 - Invasive ventilation basics Development of invasive ventilation - Julia Munn Triggering and Cycling - Andrew Foo, Martin Hughes Pressure vs volume delivery - Julius Cranshaw Positive end expiratory pressure - Christopher Day Section 4 - Invasive ventilation modes Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation - David Muigai Pressure control ventilation - Martyn Hawkins, Chris Cairns Assist control ventilation - David Muigai Pressure support ventilation - Martin Hughes, Roland Black Airway pressure release ventilation and biphasic positive airway pressure - Martyn Hawkins, Paul McConnell High-frequency oscillatory ventilation - Luigi Camporota Software enhancements - Ben Ivory, Martin Hughes Adaptive support ventilation - Brian Digby, Martin Hughes, Roland Black Proportional assist ventilation - Eumorfia Kondili, Dimitris Georgopoulos Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist - Christer Sinderby Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation - Giles Peek Adjuncts to ventilation - Tim Gould Section 5 - The Ventilated Patient Tracheal tubes - David Swann Tracheostomy - Rebecca Appelboam Humidification and suction - David Swann Physiotherapy in intensive care units - Andrew Lockwood, Louise Watson Monitoring on a ventilator - Peter MacNaughton, Mike Spivey Complications of ventilation - Stuart McLellan, Graham Nimmo Effects of mechanical ventilation on control of Breathing - Maria Klimathianaki, Dimitris Georgopolous Patient ventilator asynchrony - Stefano Nava, Zuhal Karakurt Heart-lung interactions - Michael Pinsky Effects of mechanical ventilation on oxygenation - Martin Hughes, Roland Black Hypercapnia while on a ventilator - Martin Hughes, Roland Black Sudden deterioration on a ventilator - Roland Black, Martin Hughes Sedation - Tim Walsh Ventilation outside the intensive care unit - Alyson Calder, Alexander Binning Weaning from mechanical ventilation - Ross Patterson, Ian Grant Extubation - Ross Patterson, Ian Grant Long-term (home) ventilation - Anthony Bateman, Ian Grant Outcome and follow-up - John Griffiths, Brian Cuthbertson Section 6 - Treatment of specific diseases Acute respiratory distress syndrome - Timothy Fenton, Geoff Bellingan Alveolar haemorrhage and pulmonary vasculitis - Lucy Smyth, Bipen Patel Asthma - Graham Nimmo, Graham Douglas Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema - Jonathan Dalzell, John McMurray Conventional immune modifiers and biologic therapies - James Dale, Tom Evans, Iain McInnes Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - David Halpin Drug-induced lung disease - Malcolm Booth Extrapulmonary causes of respiratory failure - Andrew McDuff, Ian Grant Haematological malignancy in ICU - Anthony Todd Inhalational injury - John Kinsella Interstitial lung disease - Nik Hirani Pleural disease - Catherine Bateman, Nick Maskell Pneumonia - Hugh Bakere, David Halpin Respiratory disease in pregnancy - Rosemary Snaith, Elizabeth McGrady Pulmonary embolism - Kevin Blyth Pulmonary vascular disease - Martin Johnson, Nicola Lee Thoracic surgical patients in ICU - Derek Paul, Ian Colquhoun Thoracic trauma - Alasdair Dow Miscellaneous lung disease - Nicola Lee, Martin Johnson