Auscultation Skills

Practitioners and students: see and hear breath and heart sounds with remarkable clarity while perfecting your auscultation technique. Auscultation Skills: Breath & Heart Sounds, Fifth Edition, pinpoints exactly how, where, and why breath and heart sounds occur and helps you to differentiate normal from abnormal sounds quickly and accurately. Loaded with clear explanations, colorful illustrations, and linked to online audio cues, this sensational reference spans the simple to the complex and serves as an excellent tool for beginning practitioners and seasoned clinicians who are looking to hone their diagnostic skills and improve their auscultation technique. This compact, practical book will improve your ability to auscultate for heart and breath sounds, and enhance your understanding of their physiology. Throughout, the book references corresponding tracks on the accompanying website, enabling users to listen to the sounds immediately after reading about the anatomical and physiologic changes associated with the sounds. With full coverage of heart and breath sounds from the simple to the complex this comprehensive text explains heart and breath sound fundamentals including basic anatomy and physiology, best auscultation locations, tips on how to identify each sound, and what to document during a physical examination. Auscultation Skills: Breath & Heart Sounds, Fifth Edition offers practicing nurses, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants a solid basis for recognizing and differentiating among abnormal breath and heart sounds to help them accurately interpret what they hear and then apply that knowledge toward a proper diagnosis and treatment regimen. CONTENTS ONE Heart sound fundamentals   1 THE HEART AND AUSCULTATION Pretest, Anatomy and physiology, Traditional auscultatory areas, Alternative auscultatory areas, Auscultatory techniques, Enhancement techniques, Posttest   2 HEART SOUND DYNAMICS Pretest, Heart sound origins, Basic heart sounds, Depolarization and repolarization, Documenting heart sounds, Posttest   TWO Normal heart sounds   3 THE FIRST HEART SOUND Pretest, Normal S1, Abnormal S1 split, Posttest   4 THE SECOND HEART SOUND Pretest, Normal S2, S2 split sounds, Posttest   5 THE THIRD AND FOURTH HEART SOUNDS Pretest, Ventricular filling sounds, Third heart sound, Fourth heart sound, S3 and S4: Similarities and differences, Posttest   THREE Abnormal heart sounds   6 OTHER DIASTOLIC AND SYSTOLIC SOUNDS Pretest, Opening snaps, Systolic ejection sounds, Posttest   7 MURMUR FUNDAMENTALS Pretest, Turbulent blood flow, Characteristics, Posttest   8 SYSTOLIC MURMURS Pretest, Anatomy and physiology, Systolic ejection murmurs, Ventricular outflow obstruction murmurs, Systolic regurgitation murmurs, Ventricular septal defect murmur, Posttest   9 DIASTOLIC MURMURS Pretest, Anatomy and physiology, Aortic regurgitation murmurs, Pulmonic regurgitation murmurs, Other diastolic murmurs, Posttest   10 CONTINUOUS MURMURS Pretest, Two causes, Cervical venous hum murmurs, Patent ductus arteriosus murmurs, Posttest   11 OTHER AUSCULTATORY SOUNDS Pretest, Prosthetic valve sounds and murmurs, Aortic prosthetic valves, Mitral prosthetic valves, Pericardial friction rubs, Mediastinal crunch, Posttest   FOUR Breath sound fundamentals 12 THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND AUSCULTATION Pretest, Anatomy and physiology, The mechanics of breathing, Auscultatory areas, Auscultatory techniques, Posttest   13 INTRODUCTION TO BREATH SOUNDS Pretest, Breath sound production, Terminology, Documenting auscultation findings, Posttest   FIVE Normal breath sounds   14 BREATH SOUNDS HEARD IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS Pretest, Anatomy and physiology, Posttest   SIX Abnormal breath sounds   15 BRONCHIAL BREATH SOUNDS Pretest, Sound production, Posttest   16 ABNORMAL VOICE SOUNDS Pretest, Sound production, Posttest   17 ABSENT AND DIMINISHED BREATH SOUNDS Pretest, Sound production, Posttest   SEVEN Other abnormal breath sounds   18 CLASSIFYING ADVENTITIOUS SOUNDS Pretest, Confusion over terminology, Current classification system, Posttest   19 ADVENTITIOUS SOUNDS: CRACKLES Pretest, Sound production, Documentation, Late inspiratory crackles, Early inspiratory and expiratory crackles, Pleural crackles, Posttest   20 ADVENTITIOUS SOUNDS: WHEEZES Pretest, Sound production, Expiratory polyphonic wheezes, Fixed monophonic wheezes, Sequential inspiratory wheezes, Random monophonic wheezes, Stridor, Posttest   Auscultation findings for common disorders   Assessment flowcharts for common auscultation findings   English-Spanish phrases used in cardiac and respiratory assessment   Posttest answers   Selected readings   Glossary   Index