Evidence-Based Orthopedics is an up-to-date review of the best evidence for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of orthopedic conditions. Covering orthopedic surgery as well as pre- and post-operative complications, this comprehensive guide provides recommendations for implementing evidence-based practice in the clinical setting. Chapters written by leading clinicians and researchers in the field are supported by tables of evidence that summarize systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials. In areas where evidence is insufficient to recommend a practice, summaries of the available research are provided to assist in decision-making.
This fully revised new edition reflects the most recent evidence using the approved evidence-based medicine (EBM) guidelines and methodology. The text now places greater emphasis on GRADE—a transparent framework for developing and presenting summaries of evidence—to allow readers to easily evaluate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations. The second edition offers a streamlined presentation and an improved standardized format emphasizing how evidence in each chapter directly affects clinical decisions. Incorporating a vast amount of new evidence, Evidence-Based Orthopedics:
Features thoroughly revised and updated content, including a new chapter on pediatric orthopedics and new X-ray images
Provides the evidence base for orthopedic surgery as well as pediatric orthopedics and orthopedic conditions requiring medical treatment
Covers the different methods for most orthopedic surgical procedures, such as hip replacements, arthroscopy, and knee replacements
Helps surgeons and orthopedic specialists achieve a uniform optimum standard through a condition-based approach
Aligns with internationally accepted guidelines and best health economic principles
Evidence-Based Orthopedics is an invaluable resource for orthopedic specialists, surgeons, trauma surgeons, trainees, and medical students.
contents
Section I: Methodology of Evidence-Based Orthopedics Kim Madden, Sheila Sprague
Chapter 1 Principles of Evidence-Based Orthopedics Niek van de Hoek, Paul Tornetta III
Chapter 2 Hierarchy of Evidence and Common Study Designs Annie George, Ydo V. Kleinlugtenbelt, Kim Madden
Chapter 3 Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Joseph T. Patterson, Saam Morshed
Chapter 4 Healthcare Recommendations: Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Approach Mark Phillips
Chapter 5 Outcomes and Their Interpretations Leah Gitajn
Chapter 6 Value-Based Orthopedics Nathan O'Hara, Daniel Mwayafu
Section II: Orthopedic Medicine Mohit Bhandari, Matthew Costa, Dinesh Kumbhare, Cecilia Rogmark
Chapter 7 Critical Issues in Osteoporosis Management Matthew Wong-Pack, Kyra Cummings, Arthur Lau, Jonathan D. Adachi
Chapter 8 Venous Thromboembolic Events Ernesto Kwek, Richard Buckley
Chapter 9 Blood Transfusion Seper Ekhtiari, David W. Sanders, Jeffrey L. Carson
Chapter 10 Wound Infections Mark D. Hasenauer, Michael D. Hunter, Kyle J. Jeray, Atul F. Kamath
Chapter 11 Smoking Cessation Paul E. Matuszewski, David Zuelzer, Robert V. O'Toole
Chapter 12 Perioperative Medical Management Jennifer Muniak, Susan M. Friedman, Joseph A. Nicholas, Daneil A. Mendelson
Chapter 13 Orthobiologics John Buza III, Thomas A. Einhorn
Chapter 14 Intimate Partner Violence Sheila Sprague, Taryn Scott, Erika Arseneau, Prism Schneider, Andrew Furey, Rudolf Poolman, Emil Schemitsch, Mohit Bhandari
Chapter 15 Pain Management in Orthopedic Surgery Vishal Uppal, Harsha Shanthanna
Chapter 16 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Basem Attum, William Obremsky
Chapter 17 Nutrition and Supplements in Orthopedic Care Martí Bernaus, Brad Petrisor, Sofia Bzovsky, Sheila Sprague
Section III: Joint Reconstruction Ernesto Guerra-Farfán, Waleed Kishta, Joan Minguell, Rudolf Poolman, Emil Schemitsch, Thomas J. Wood
Section III-I: Hip and Knee
Chapter 18 Outpatient Total Joint Arthroplasty Michael Pollock, Brent Lanting
Chapter 19 Hip Preservation Ahmed El-Bakoury, Asif A.H. Parkar, James N. Powell
Chapter 20 The Direct Anterior Approach Thomas J. Wood, Brent Lanting
Chapter 21 Computer Navigation in Total Hip Arthroplasty Aamer Malik, Lawrence Dorr
Chapter 22 Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene in Total Hip Arthroplasty Glen Richardson, Michael J. Dunbar
Chapter 23 Hip Resurfacing Adam Hart, Nikolaos Davarinos, John Antoniou
Chapter 24 Metal-on-Metal Hip Arthroplasty Oliver Marin-Peña, Olga Pidgaiska, Pedro Reis-Campos
Chapter 25 Ceramic in Total Hip Arthroplasty Peter M. Lewis, James P. Waddell
Chapter 26 Cement in Total Hip Arthroplasty Jorge H. Nuñez, Tony Fraguas, Ernesto Guerra-Farfán, Diego Collado
Chapter 27 Head Size in Total Hip Arthroplasty Francesc Anges, Jorge H. Nuñez, Pablo Castillón
Chapter 28 Dual Mobility in Total Hip Arthroplasty Iñaki Mimendia, Maria Jurado, Ernesto Guerra-Farfán, Vicoria Barro
Chapter 29 Trunnionosis Christopher Del Balso, Emil Schemitsch, Brent Lanting
Chapter 30 Periprosthetic Hip Fractures Lisa C. Howard, Bas A. Masri, Don S. Garbuz, Clive P. Duncan
Chapter 31 The Infected Total Hip Arthroplasty Sebastián, Xin Y. Mei, Paul R. Kuzyk
Chapter 32 The Painful Total Hip Arthroplasty Asif A.H. Parkar, Ahmed El-Bakoury, James N. Powell
Chapter 33 Revision of the Femoral Component Lisa C. Howard, Bas A. Masri, Don S. Garbuz, Clive P. Duncan
Chapter 34 Revision of the Acetabular Component Nikolaos Davarinos, Adam Hart, John Antoniou
Chapter 35 Antibiotic Cement in Total Hip Arthroplasty Stephen M. Petis, Steven J. MacDonald
Chapter 36 Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty and Patellofemoral Resurfacing Arthroplasty Waleed Albishi, Paul Jamieson, Ivan Kamikovski, Geoffrey Dervin
Chapter 37 Cemented versus Uncemented Fixation in Total Knee Arthroplasty Thomas Turgeon
Chapter 38 Cruciate Retaining versus Posterior Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty Michael G. Zywiel, Sarah Ward
Chapter 39 Patellar Resurfacing in Total Knee Arthroplasty Michael G. Zywiel, Rajiv Gandhi
Chapter 40 Mechanical versus Kinematic Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty Pascal-André Vendittoli, William Blakeney, Charles Rivière, Gene Dossett
Chapter 41 Ligament Balancing in Total Knee Arthroplasty Pascal-André Vendittoli, Jihad Matta, Christophe Fornasieri, William Blakeney
Chapter 42 Robotic in Total Knee Arthroplasty Seper Ekhtiari, Vickas Khanna, Anthony Adili
Chapter 43 Patient-Specific Instrumentation in Total Knee Arthroplasty Seper Ekhtiari, Luc Rubinger, Vickas Khanna, Anthony Adili
Chapter 44 Metal Allergy in Total Knee Arthroplasty Amit Atrey
Chapter 45 Peri-operative Management in Total Knee Arthroplasty Sebastian M. Klim, Mathias Glehr
Chapter 46 Arthrofibrosis following Total Knee Arthroplasty Samuel T. Walters, Saket Tibrewal, Jakob van Oldenrijk
Chapter 47 High Flexion Implants in Total Knee Arthroplasty Thomas J. Wood, Douglas D.R. Naudie
Chapter 48 Venous Thromboembolism in Total Knee Arthroplasty Harman Chaudhry, Mitchell Winemaker
Chapter 49 Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene in Total Knee Arthroplasty Pascal-André Vendittoli, William Blakeney, bru Oral, Orhun Muratoglu
Chapter 50 Exsposure and Implant Options in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Felipe Moreira, Maria Jurado, Marcelo Casaccia
Chapter 51 The Painful Total Knee Arthroplasty Jason Werle, Kelly Johnston, Nicholas Desy, Stuart Goodman
Chapter 52 Diagnosing the Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty Mina Tohidi, John F. Rudan
Chapter 53 Management of the Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty Ewout S. Veltman, Dirk Jan F. Moojen
Chapter 54 Management of the Unstable Total Knee Arthroplasty John Esposito, James L. Howard
Chapter 55 Stem Choices in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Chapter 56 Periprosthetic Fractures: Knee Jesse Wolfstadt, Aaron Nauth
Chapter 57 Femoral Bone Defects in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Pablo A.I. Slullitel, Gerard M.J. March, Paul R. Kim
Chapter 58 Tibial Bone Defects in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Sebastián León, Jennifer Leighton Xin Y. Mei, Paul R. Kuzyk
Chapter 59 Patellar Options in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Jesse Wolfstadt, Paul Zalzal
Section III-II: Shoulder
Chapter 60 Implant Design Options in the Treatment of Shoulder Osteoarthritis Chad Myeroff, Michael Knudsen, Michael D. McKee
Chapter 61 Cement in Shoulder Arthroplasty Midhat Patel, Niloofar Dehghan
Chapter 62 Management of Glenoid Bone Loss Diego Soza, Montserrat García-Portabella, Lledó Batalla, Josep Massons
Chapter 63 Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Mitchel D. Armstrong, Bandar M. Assiry, Ryan T. Bicknell
Chapter 64 Glenoid Components in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Eric Benson, George Athwal, Kenneth Faber
Chatper 65 Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Shoulder Arthroplasty Pater Lapner, Jay Keener, Thomas Duquin
Section III-II: Foot & Ankle
Chapter 66 Osteoarthritis of the Ankle Rosa Busquets, Andrea Sallent
Chatper 67 Osteoarthritis of the 1st Metatarsophalangeal Joint Seper Ekhtiari, Waleed Kishta
Chapter 68 Hallux Valgus Sebastián Drago Perez, Cristian Ortiz Mateluna
Chapter 69 Cavovarus Foot Sebastián Drago Perez, Cristian Ortiz Mateluna
Section IV: Trauma John Morellato, Brad Petrisor, Carlos Prada, Marc Swiontkowski
Section IV-I: General Trauma
Chapter 70 Damage Control Orthopedics Sascha Halvachizadeh, Paolo Cinelli, Florin Allemann, Philipp Kobbe, Hans-Cristophe Pape
Chapter 71 Open Fractures Michael D. Hunter, Mark D. Hasenauer, Atul F. Kamath, Kyle J. Jeray
Chapter 72 The Mangled Extremity Tiffany Hyunh, Ted V. Tufescu
Chapter 73 Acute Compartment Syndrome Aurelia Biari, Christopher Del Balso, Abdel-Rahman Lawendy
Chapter 74 Noninvasive Fracture Management Natsumi Saka, Yoshinobu Watanabe, Takashi Matsushita
Chatper 75 Calcium-Based Bone Substitutes Ross Leighton, Kelly Trask, Thomas A. Russell, Mohit Bhandari, Richard E. Buckley
Section IV-II: Shoulder Girdle and Upper Extremity
Chapter 76 Scapula Fractures Peter A. Cole, Lisa K. Schroder
Chapter 77 Sternoclavicular Joint Annie Weber, Raymond A. Pensy
Chapter 78 Clavicle Fractures Chad Myeroff, Michael D. McKee
Chapter 79 Acriomioclavicular Joint Chad Myeroff, Michael D. McKee
Chapter 80 Proximal Humerus Fractures Benjamin Kopp, David Ring
Chapter 81 Humeral Shaft Fractures David J. Hak, Cyril Mauffrey
Chapter 82 Distal Humerus Fractures Brandon Girardi, Emil H. Schemitsch, Aaron Nauth
Chapter 83 Elbow Dislocations Lisa C. Howard, Jason W. Pollock
Chapter 84 Radial Head Fractures James D. Spearman Jr., David Ring, Lee M. Reichel
Chapter 85 Olecranon Fractures Michael C. Daly, Jesse B. Jupiter
Chapter 86 Forearm Fractures Habeeb Khan, Rudolf W. Poolman
Chapter 87 Distal Radius Fractures Boris A. Zelle, Riikkaa E. Nomides
Chapter 88 Carpal Dislocations Carl Nunziato, Geert A. Buijze, David Ring
Chapter 89 Carpal Fractures Bert Perey, Emanuelle Villemaire-Côté, Francesc A. Marcano-Fernández
Chapter 90 Metacarpal Fractures Christina Ward
Section IV-III: Pelvis and Lower Extremity
Chapter 91 Pelvic Fractures G. Yves Laflamme, Dominique M. Rouleau
Chapter 92 Acetabular Fractures Juan Antonio Porcel Vazquez, Ernesto Guerra-Farfán
Chapter 93 Hip Dislocations Luis Felipe López, Carlos Prada, Gregory Della Rocca
Chapter 94 Femoral Head Fractures Kevin D. Phelps, Joshua L. Gary, Milton Lee "Chip" Routt Jr.
Chapter 95 Femoral Neck Fractures in Younger Patients Malynda Wynn, Trevor Gulbrandsen, Michael Willey, Matthew Hogue
Chapter 96 Femoral Neck Fractures in the Elderly Dylan McCreary, Brian P. Cunningham, Marc Swiontkowski
Chapter 97 Extracapsular Hip Fractures Luke A. Lopas, Andrew F. Tyler, Samir Mehta
Chapter 98 Subtrochantric Fractures John Morellato, Steven Papp, Wade Gofton, Allan Liew
Chapter 99 Femoral Shaft Fractures Costas Papakostidis, Peter V. Giannoudis
Chapter 100 Distal Femur Fractures Graeme Hoit, Amir Khoshbin, Rudolf Poolman
Chapter 101 Proximal Tibia Fractures Daniel E. Axelrod, Richard Jenkinson, Hans Kreder
Chapter 102 Tibial Shaft Fractures Taylor Yong, Ilda Molloy, Leah Gitajn
Chapter 103 Intra-articular Distal Tibia (Pilon/Plafond) Fractures Luc Rubinger, Seper Ekhtiari, Peter J. O'Brien
Chapter 104 Malleolar Fractures Daniel E. Axelrod, David W. Sanders
Chapter 105 Talar Fractures Pablo Mery, Carlos Prada
Chapter 106 Calcaneal Fractures Richard E. Buckley
Chapter 107 Lisfranc Injuries Robin R. Elliot, Nicholas B. Jorgensen, Terrence S. Saxby
Chapter 108 Fifth Metatarsal Fractures Robin R. Elliot, Nicholas B. Jorgensen, Terrence S. Saxby
Section V: Spine Greger Lønne, Andrew J. Schoenfield
Chapter 109 Mechanical Neck Pain Kenneth Nwosu, Thomas Cha
Chapter 110 Whiplash Eren O. Kuris, Alan H. Daniels
Chapter 111 Cervical Radiculopathy and Myelopathy Michael Fehlings, Jetan Badhiwala
Chapter 112 Mechanical Low Back Pain: Operative Management Pranay Patel, Ian Buchanan, Zorica Buser, Jeffrey C. Wang
Chapter 113 Mechanical Low Back Pain: Nonoperative Management Kirkham Wood, Craig McMains
Chapter 114 Neurogenic Claudication Greger Lønne, Øystein Nygaard
Chapter 115 Lumbar Radiculopathy Daniel G. Tobert, James D. Kang
Chapter 116 Adolescent and Adult Spinal Deformity: Nonoperative Management Patrick Thornley, Colby Oitment
Chapter 117 Adolescent and Adult Spinal Deformity: Operative Management Peter G. Passias, Frank A. Segreto, Samantha R. Horn, Cole A. Bortz
Chapter 118 Metastatic/Myeloma Disease Marco Ferrone, Justin Bulcher
Chapter 119 Spinal Infections Stuart D. Kinsella, Lauren B. Barton, Andrew J. Schoenfield
Section VI: Sports Medicine Asheehs Bedi, Moin Khan, Mininder Kocher
Section VI-I: General
Chapter 120 Ergogenic Aids Michael J. O'Brien
Section VI-I: Shoulder
Chapter 121 First Time Shoulder Dislocation Dana Swinehart, Jordan Meiss, Charles Cox
Chapter 122 Recurrent Shoulder Instability Joost I.P. Williams, Amber von Gerhardt, W. Jaap Willems, Arthur van Noort
Chapter 123 Rotator Cuff Tears Alberto Blanco, Montserrat García-Portabella, Lledó Batalla, Josep Massons
Chapter 124 Massive and Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears Brandon J. Erickson, Joshua S. Dines
Chapter 125 Subacromial Pain Syndrome Egbert J.D. Veen, Ron L. Diercks
Chapter 126 Pathology of the Long Head of the Biceps Daniel Wang, David Ring, Matt Driscoll
Chapter 127 Superior Labral Tears and Throwing Shoulder Injuries Michael T. Freehill, Jacob M. Kirsch, Hiroyuki Sugaya, Jon J.P. Warner
Section VI-II: Elbow
Chapter 128 Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries of the Elbow Frank G.J. Loeffen, Izaäk F. Kodde, Denise Eyegendaal
Chapter 129 Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow) Neeru Jayanthi
Chapter 130 Ostechondral Dissecans Lesions of the Elbow Matthew Smith, Mitchel Obey
Section VI-III: Hip
Chapter 131 Labral Tears Chetan Gohal, Nolan S. Horner, Marc R. Safran
Chapter 132 Femoroacetabular Impingement Marc J. Philippon, Ioanna K. Bolia, Karen K. Briggs
Section VI-III: Knee
Chapter 133 Initial Management of the Sports Injured Knee Aguilar Garcia M., Carbonell Rosell C., Pijoan Bueno J.
Chapter 134 Meniscal Tears Nicola Maffulli, Domiziano Tarantino, Rocco Aicale
Chapter 135 Anterior Cruciate Liagment Injuries Aaron Gazendam, Darren de SA, Freddie Fu
Chapter 136 Posterior Cruciate Liagment Injuries Chetan Gohal, Nolan S. Horner, Jihad Abouali, John Theodropoulos
Chapter 137 Combined Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries Domiziano Tarantino, Rocco Aicale, Nicola Maffulli
Chapter 138 Multiligamentous Knee Injuries James P. Stannard, Hee Young Lee
Chapter 139 Posterolateral Corner Injuries Nolan S. Horner, Chetan Gohal, Olufemi R. Ayeni, Daniel B. Whelan
Chapter 140 Lateral Extra-articular Procedures and the Anterolateral Ligament Felipe Moreira, Marco Reverté, Enric Castellet, Joan Minguell
Chapter 141 Cartilage Lesions of the Knee Marco Hevesi, Aaron J. Krych, Daniel B.F. Saris
Chapter 142 Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner's Knee) Carlos Prada, Sebastián Irarrázaval
Chapter 143 Osteotomy and Lower Extremity Realignment Procedures Jayson Lian, Darren de SA, João V. Novaretti, Volker Musahl
Section VI-III: Foot & Ankle
Chapter 144 Ankle Ligament Injuries Gwendolyn Vuurberg, J. Nienke Altink, Rover Krips, Gino M.M.J. Kerkhoffs
Chapter 145 Achilles Tendinopathy Domiziano Tarantino, Rocco Aicale, Nicola Maffulli
Section VII: Wrist Ruby Grewal, Tamara Rozental
Chapter 146 Distal Radius Malunions Muhanned Ali, Roberto S. Rosales, Isam Atroshi
Chapter 147 Distal Radio-ulnar Joint (DRUJ) Nina Suh
Chapter 148 Wrist Osteoarthritis Randy Bindra
Chapter 149 Rheumatoid Wrist Reconstruction Warren Hammert
Chapter 150 Acute Scaphoid Fractures Joseph J. Dias
Chapter 151 Scaphoid Nonunions Anne Eva J. Bulstra, Job N. Doornberg, Myriam C. Obdeijn, Geert A. Buijze
Chapter 152 Carpal Instability Jessica B. Hawken, Aviram M. Giladi
Chapter 153 Kienbock's Instability Simon B.M. MacLean, Gregory I. Bain
Chapter 154 Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis Jeremiah D. Johnson, Jennifer M. Brewer, Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
Section VIII: Hand Douglas C. Ross, Achilleas Thoma
Chapter 155 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Nonoperative Management Douglas C. Ross, Christopher Doherty, Thomas A. Miller
Chapter 156 Capral Tunnel Syndrome: Operative Management Thomas A. Miller, Christopher Doherty, Douglas C. Ross
Chapter 157 Carpal Tunnel Release: Minor Procedure or Operating Room? Kevin Cheung, Hannah St Denis-Katz
Chapter 158 Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Ryan Wolek, Steven McCabe, Matthew Furey
Chapter 159 Flexor Tendon Injuries: Surgical Management Robert M. Szabo, Shima Sokol
Chapter 160 Flexor Tendon Injuries: Rehabilitation Matthew McRae, Daniel Waltho, Jenny Santos
Chapter 161 Extensor Tendon Injuries Noor Alolabi, Monica Alderon, Carolyn M. Levis
Chapter 162 Duputryen's Disease Lauren Willoughby, Daniel Waltho, Marta Karpinski, Achilleas Thoma
Chapter 163 Rheumatoid Hand Reconstruction Kevin C. Chung, Oluseyi Aliu, Sandra V. Kotsis
Chapter 164 Replantation Serge Goekjian, Lucas Gallo, Achilleas Thoma
Chapter 165 Ulnar Neuropathy Christopher Doherty, Thomas A. Miller, Douglas C. Ross
Chapter 166 Finger Fractures Claire Ryan, David Ring
Section IX: Oncology Michelle Ghert, Robert Velez
Chapter 167 Radiation in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Anthony Bozzo, Aaron Gazendam, Kurt R. Weiss
Chapter 168 Chemotherapy in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Robert J. Wilson, Jennifer L. Halpern, Jill Gilbert, Ginger E. Holt, Vicki L. Keedy, Herbert S. Schwartz
Chapter 169 Surgical Margins in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Eugenia Schwarzkopf, Tomohiro Fujiwara, John H. Healey
Chapter 170 Allograft Megaprosthesis Kelly C. Homlar, Robert J. Wilson III, Jessica R. Wilson, Jennifer L. Halpern, Herbert S. Schwartz, Ginger E. Holt
Chapter 171 Biopsy of Soft Tissue Masses Aaron Gazendam, Anthony Bozzo, Casey Wang, David Wilson
Chapter 172 Denosumab in Giant Cell Tumors of Bone Michael Parry, Robert Grimer
Section X: Paediatrics Emily Dodwell, Paul Moroz, Kishoe Mulpuri, Unni Narayanan
Chapter 173 Outcomes in Pediatric Orthpaedics Unni G. Narayanan
Chapter 174 Cerebral Palsy Vedant Kulkarni
Chapter 175 Osteoarticular Infections Brice Ilharreborde, Cindy Mallet, Dimitri Ceroni
Chapter 176 Simple Bone Cysts Cristina Alves, Inês Balacó, Marta Salom Taverner, Thomas Wirth, Michiel Van De Sande
Chapter 177 Pediatric Clavicle Fractures Benton E. Hayworth, Nirav Pandya
Chapter 178 Supracondylar Humerus Fractures Ravi Brar, David Skaggs, Sanjeev Sabharwal
Chapter 179 Adolescent Spondylolisthesis Matthew Oetgen, Timothy Hresko
Chapter 180 Early Onset Scoliosis Jason P.Y. Cheung, Susan Nelson, James O. Sanders, Ron El-Hawary
Chapter 181 Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Emily K. Schaeffer, Wudbhav N. Sankar
Chapter 182 Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease Benjamin Joseph, Hitesh Shah
Chapter 183 Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis Eduardo Novais, Randy Loder
Chapter 184 Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures Matthew Winterton, Shital Parikh, Keith Baldwin
Chapter 185 Infantile Blount Disease Steven M. Rivero, Sanjeev Sabharwal
Chapter 186 Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Lindsay Schlichte, Colleen Wixted, Daniel Green
Chapter 187 Clubfoot Anna D. Vergun, Peter Moskal
Chapter 188 Tarsal Coalitions Joseph Fox, Maryse Bouchard
