Acute Medicine offers an accessible and concise guide to the practical management of all acute medical problems likely to be encountered in the emergency department, ambulatory care centre, acute medical unit or on the wards.
Reflecting the maturation of acute medicine as a separate specialty, the book is divided into common presentations, specific problems and procedures. New to the fifth edition is a chapter on bed-side ultrasonography; throughout, emphasis is placed on patient safety, and the use of flow diagrams, tables and figures ensures that key information is quickly accessible.
Thoroughly revised by experts in the subject, and updated to reflect current approaches to diagnosis and management, Acute Medicine is an excellent companion for the trainee as well as an aide-mémoire for the more experienced physician.
Contents
Contributors
Preface
Evolution of Acute Medicine: the development of Ambulatory Emergency Care
Section 1: PRESENTATIONS IN ACUTE MEDICINE
General
1 The critically ill patient
2 Hypotension and shock
3 Reduced conscious level
4 Delirium
5 Falls in older people
Cardiorespiratory
6 Cardiac arrest
7 Acute chest pain
8 Palpitations
9 Transient loss of consciousness
10 Acute breathlessness
11 Acute respiratory failure
12 Pleural effusion
13 Cough and haemoptysis
Neurological
14 Neurological diagnosis in acute medicine
15 Acute headache
16 Seizures and epilepsy
17 Weakness and paralysis
18 Acute sensory symptoms
19 Loss of vision
Abdominal
20 Acute vomiting
21 Acute abdominal pain
22 Acute diarrhoea
23 Acute jaundice
24 Ascites
25 Acute kidney injury
Skin and Musculoskeletal
26 Acute rash
27 Urticaria and angioedema
28 Acute arthritis
29 Acute spinal pain
30 Acute limb pain
Miscellaneous
31 Comprehensive geriatric assessment
32 Acute medical problems in pregnancy
33 Fever on return from abroad
34 Acute medical problems in the HIV-positive patient
Section 2: SYNDROMES AND DISORDERS
General
35 Sepsis
36 Poisoning
37 Acid-base disorders
38 Anaphylaxis
Cardiovascular
39 Acute arrhythmias: general principles of management
40 Regular broad complex tachycardiaf
41 Irregular broad complex tachycardia
42 Narrow complex tachycardia
43 Atrial fibrillation and flutter
44 Bradycardia and atrioventricular block
45 Acute coronary syndromes 1: ST-segment elevation
46 Acute coronary syndromes 2: Non-ST-segment elevation
47 Acute pulmonary edema
48 Acute heart failure and decompensated chronic heart failure
49 Cardiogenic shock
50 Aortic dissection and other acute aortic syndromes
51 Heart valve disease and prosthetic heart valves
52 Infective endocarditis
53 Acute pericarditis
54 Cardiac tamponade
55 Severe hypertension
56 Deep vein thrombosis
57 Pulmonary embolism
58 Problems with pacemakers and other cardiac devices
59 Upper airway obstruction
60 Acute asthma
61 Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
62 Community-acquired pneumonia
63 Hospital-acquired pneumonia
64 Pneumothorax
65 Stroke
66 Transient ischaemic attack
67 Subarachnoid haemorrhage
68 Bacterial meningitis
69 Encephalitis
70 Spinal cord compression
71 Guillain-Barré syndrome
72 Raised intracranial pressure
73 Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
74 Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding
75 Acute oesophageal disorders
76 Inflammatory bowel disease flare
77 Acute liver failure and decompensated chronic liver disease
78 Alcoholic hepatitis
79 Biliary tract disorders and acute pancreatitis
80 Urinary tract infection
81 Hypoglycaemia
82 Hyperglycaemic states
83 Diabetic ketoacidosis
84 Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state
85 Disorders of plasma sodium concentration
86 Disorders of plasma potassium concentration
87 Disorders of plasma calcium concentration
88 Disorders of plasma magnesium concentration
89 Disorders of plasma phosphate concentration
90 Acute adrenal insufficiency
91 Thyrotoxic storm
92 Myxedema coma
93 Pituitary apoplexy
94Paraganglioma (phaeochromocytoma) crisis
95 Cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis
96 Erythroderma and toxic epidermal necrolysis
97 Acute gout and pseudogout
98 Septic arthritis
99 Acute vasculitis
100 Interpretation of full blood count and film
101 Pancytopenia and Febrile neutropenia
102 Bleeding disorders
103 Management of anticoagulation
104 Acute painful sickle cell crisis
105 Complications of cancer
106 Alcohol-related problems in acute medicine
107 Hypothermia
108 Drowning
109 Electrical injury
110 Palliative and end-of-life care
111 Medicolegal issues in Acute Medicine
112 Airway management
113 Non-invasive ventilation
Section 3: TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES IN ACUTE MEDICINE
114 Ultrasonography in Acute Medicine
115 Reading a chest X-ray
116 Central vein cannulation
117 Arterial blood sampling and cannulation
118 Arterial blood gases, oxygen saturation and oxygen therapy
119 Temporary cardiac pacing
120 Pericardial aspiration (pericardiocentesis)
121 DC cardioversion
122 Insertion of an intercostal chest drain
123 Lumbar puncture
124 Aspiration of the knee joint
125 Insertion of a Sengstaken–Blakemore
