Neuroimaging in Developmental Clinical Neuroscience

Modern neuroimaging offers tremendous opportunities for gaining insights into normative development and a wide array of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Focusing on ontogeny, this text covers basic processes involved in both healthy and atypical maturation, and also addresses the range of neuroimaging techniques most widely used for studying children. This book will enable you to understand normative structural and functional brain maturation and the mechanisms underlying basic developmental processes; become familiar with current knowledge and hypotheses concerning the neural bases of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders; and learn about neuroimaging techniques, including their unique strengths and limitations. Coverage includes normal developmental processes, atypical processing in developmental neuropsychiatric disorders, ethical issues, neuroimaging techniques and their integration with psychopharmacologic and molecular genetic research approaches, and future directions. This comprehensive volume is an essential resource for neurologists, neuropsychologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, and radiologists concerned with normal development and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. - Includes summaries of developmental neuroimaging studies - will provide a quick and easy reference to key research findings on development - Includes copious illustrations of the types of brain images acquired using a variety of techniques, as well as key findings - visual presentations will help the reader understand the types of data that can be acquired and derived using neuroimaging approaches - Includes an extensive glossary of imaging and genetic terms - will serve as a ready reference for understanding technical imaging and genetic terms Contents List of contributors; Foreword; Preface; Section 1. Normal developmental processes: Introduction to Section 1; 1. Morphological development of the brain: what has imaging told us? Lisa H. Lu and Elizabeth R. Sowell; 2. Neural correlates of the development of cognitive control Silvia A. Bunge and Eveline A. Crone; 3. Neurobiology of emotion regulation in children and adults Ian H. Gotlib and Jutta Joormann; 4. Goal-directed behavior: evolution and ontogeny Monique Ernst and Michael G. Hardin; 5. Charting brain mechanisms for the development of social cognition Kevin A. Pelphrey and Susan B. Perlman; 6. Language and the developing brain: insights from neuroimaging Kristin McNealy, Mirella Dapretto and Susan Bookheimer; Section 2. Atypical processes in developmental neuropsychiatric disorders: introduction to Section 2; 7. A pathophysiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: clues from neuroimaging Jeffery N. Epstein; 8. Brain imaging and autism spectrum disorders Monica Zilbovicius, Nathalie Boddaert and Nadia Chabane; 9. Neuroimaging of schizophrenia and its development Matcheri S. Keshavan, Vaibhav A. Diwadkar, Konasale Prasad and Jeffrey A. Stanley; 10. Cortico-limbic development in bipolar disorder: A neuroimaging view Jessica H. Kalmar, Maulik P. Shah and Hilary P. Blumberg; 11. Anxiety and depressive disorders Daniel S. Pine; 12. Disturbances of frontostriatal circuits in Tourette syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder Rachel Marsh, Daniel A. Gorman, Jason M. Royal and Bradley S. Peterson; 13. From genes to brain to behavior: the case of fragile X syndrome Susan M. Rivera and Allan L. Reiss; 14. Alcohol exposure and the developing human brain James M. Bjork; 15. Neuroimaging as a tool for unlocking developmental pathophysiology in anorexia and bulimia nervosa Guido K. W. Frank and Walter H. Kaye; Section 3. Ethical issues: Introduction to Section 3; 16. Legal and ethical considerations in pediatric neuroimaging research Clinton D. Hermes; Section 4. Techniques and integration with other research approaches: Introduction to Section 4; 17. BOLD fMRI: an update with emphasis on pediatric applications Liat Levita, Rebecca M. Jones and B. J. Casey; 18. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy: methods and applications in developmental clinical neuroscience Marisa M. Silveri, Deborah Yurgelun-Todd and Perry Renshaw; 19. Diffusion tensor imaging in developmental clinical neuroscience Dae-Shik Kim; 20. Arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI in developmental neuroscience Jiong-Jiong Wang, Hengyi Rao and John A. Detre; 21. Neuroimaging of treatment effects in developmental neuropsychiatric disorders Steven R. Pliszka and David C. Glahn; 22. Functional alleles, neuroimaging and intermediate phenotypes in the deconstruction of complex behavioral variation David Goldman, Beata Buzas and Ke Xu; Section 5. Progress and future directions: introduction to Section 5; 23. Neuroimaging in developmental clinical neuroscience today Judith M. Rumsey and Monique Ernst; Glossary of imaging and genetic terms; Appendix A. Functional MRI educational resources and software; Appendix B. Neuroinformatics and neuroethics resources; Index