History and Clinical Examination at a Glance

This popular title in the at a Glance series focuses on the core elements of history taking and examination. It makes an ideal companion to clinical attachments and assists in building the fundamental skills required for Finals and for future medical practice. History and Examination at a Glance covers examination of each of the main body systems, as well as key presentations and conditions, listing main points to look for and highlighting symptoms and findings that may be key to diagnosis. This edition features: Easy to read style with succinct text and full colour illustrations The latest evidence–based information to provide scientific rationale for methods used Coverage of new topics, including the history and examination of patients with osteoporosis and HIV/AIDS A new self–assessment framework for measuring performance in history and examination skills History and Examination at a Glance will appeal to all medical students as a companion throughout their clinical years, and as an essential revision aid for Final Examinations. Table of Contents Preface. List of abbreviations. Part 1 Communication Skills. Fundamental communication skills. Communicating information. Communicating bad news. Communicating with relatives. Cultural differences. Exploring sensitive issues. History and examination in Clinical Exams. Part 2 Taking a history. Relationship with patient. History of presenting complaint. Past medical history, drugs and allergies. Family and social history. Functional enquiry. Part 3 History and examination of the systems. Is the patient ill? Principles of examination. The cardiovascular system. The respiratory system. The gastrointestinal system. The male genitourinary system. Gynaecological history and examination. Breast examination. Obstetric history and examination. The nervous system. The musculoskeletal system. Skin. The visual system. Examination of the ears, nose, mouth, throat, thyroid and neck. Examination of urine. The psychiatric assessment. Examination of the legs. General examination. Presenting a history and examination. Part 4 Presentations. Chest pain. Abdominal pain. Headache. Vomiting, diarrhoea and change in bowel habit. Gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Indigestion and dysphagia. Weight loss. Fatigue. The unconscious patient. The intensive care unit patient. Back pain. Hypertension. Swollen legs. Jaundice. Postoperative fever. Suspected meningitis. Anaemia. Lymphadenopathy. Cough. Confusion. Lump. Breast lump. Palpitations/arrhythmias. Joint problems. Red eye. Dizziness. Breathlessness. Dysuria and haematuria. Attempted suicide. Immunosuppressed patients. Diagnosing death. Shock. Trauma. Alcohol–related problems. Collapse. Part 5 Conditions. Cardiovascular. Myocardial infarction and angina. Hypovolaemia. Heart failure. Mitral stenosis. Mitral regurgitation. Aortic stenosis. Aortic regurgitation. Tricuspid regurgitation. Pulmonary stenosis. Congenital heart disease. Aortic dissection. Aortic aneurysm. Infective endocarditis. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis. Prosthetic cardiac valves. Peripheral vascular disease. Endocrine/metabolic. Diabetes mellitus. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Addison’s disease and Cushing’s syndrome. Hypopituitarism. Acromegaly. Nephrology and urology. Renal failure. Polycystic kidney disease. Nephrotic syndrome. Urinary symptoms. Testicular lumps. Gastrointestinal. Chronic liver disease. Inflammatory bowel disease. Splenomegaly/hepatosplenomegaly. Acute abdomen. Pancreatitis. Abdominal mass. Appendicitis. Respiratory. Asthma. Pneumonia. Pleural effusion. Fibrosing alveolitis, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis and sarcoidosis. Carcinoma of the lung. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pneumothorax. Tuberculosis. Neurology Stroke. Parkinson’s disease. Motor neurone disease. Multiple sclerosis. Peripheral neuropathy. Carpal tunnel syndrome. Myotonic dystrophy and muscular dystrophy. Myaesthenia gravis Cerebellar disorders. Dementia. Musculoskeletal. Rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Gout and Paget’s disease. Ankylosing spondylitis. Other. Systemic lupus erythematosus and vasculitis. Malignant disease. Scleroderma. AIDS and HIV. Appendix: A self–assessment framework of communication skills in history and examination. Index.