Desk Encyclopedia of General Virology

This volume, derived from Encyclopedia of Virology, provides an overview of the development of virology during the last ten years.  Entries detail the nature, origin, phylogeny and evolution of viruses. It then moves into a summary of our understanding of the structure and assembly of virus particles and describes how this knowledge was obtained. Genetic material of viruses and the different mechanisms used by viruses to infect and replicate in their host cells are highlighted. The volume is rounded out with an overview of some major groups of viruses with particular attention being given to our current knowledge of their molecular biology. Brian W.J. Mahy , Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA and Marc H.V. van Regenmortel , ESBS , CNRS , Strasbourg, France Table of Contents: Section 1. GENERAL TOPICS History of virology : bacteriophages History of virology : plant viruses History of virology : vertebrate viruses Nature of viruses Origin of viruses Ribozymes Virus species Quasispecies Virus databases Phylogeny of viruses Evolution of viruses Taxonomy, classification and nomenclature of viruses Virus classification by pairwise sequence comparison Prions of vertebrates Viruses and bioterrorism Section 2. VIRIONS Principles of virion structure Structure of non-enveloped virions Electron microscopy of viruses Cryo-electron microcopy Assembly of non-enveloped virions Assembly of enveloped virions Assembly of bacterial viruses Genome packaging of bacterial viruses Viral membranes Mimivirus Section 3. NUCLEIC ACIDS Recombination Satellite nucleic acids and viruses Retrotransposons of vertebrates Defective interfering viruses Interfering RNAs Viruses as vectors in gene therapy Section 4. VIRUS INFECTION Viral receptors Virus entry to bacterial cells Membrane fusion Replication of viruses Persistent and latent viral infection Apoptosis and virus infection Viral pathogenesis Antiviral agents Diagnosis using serological and molecular approaches Diagnosis using microarrays Disease surveillance Section 5. IMMUNE RESPONSES Innate immunity Defeating innate immunity Antigen presentation Antigenicity and immunogenicity of viral proteins Cytokines and chemokines Cell-mediated immunity to viruses Antibody - mediated immunity to viruses Orthomyxovirus antigen structure Antigenic variation Vaccine strategies DNA Vaccines Vaccine safety Neutralization of infectivity Immunopathology Section 6. DESCRIPTION AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF SOME VIRUSES Adenoviruses : molecular biology Baculoviruses : molecular biology of granuloviruses Baculoviruses : molecular biology of nucleopolyhedroviruses Coronaviruses : molecular biology Hepatitis virus B : molecular biology Herpes simplex viruses : molecular biology Human cytomegalovirus : molecular biology Human immunodeficiency viruses : molecular biology Iridoviruses Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus : molecular biology Mononegavirales Nidovirales Nodaviruses Orthomyxoviruses : molecular biology Papillomaviruses : molecular biology Partitiviruses Phycodnaviruses Picornaviruses Reoviruses : molecular biology Seadornaviruses Tetraviruses Togaviruses : molecular biology